![]() ![]() relative challenge) of physical activity and exercise may be a more impactful moderator of risk reduction than exercise volume. In contrast, the intensity of effort (i.e. However, the efficacy of these recommendations could be considered disappointing in view of recent studies showing that only a marginal reduction in morbidity risk factors and all-cause mortality occurs when they are met. a combination of 30 min of moderate intensity five times per week AND/OR 20 min of vigorous intensity three times per week). As a result most guidelines regarding physical activity and exercise are based upon the accumulation of a minimum volume (i.e. Engaging in these behaviors is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, and a dose-response relationship appears to exist between increasing volume (i.e., amount or duration) of physical activity and exercise engaged in and reduced mortality risk. It is hard to argue against the value of physical activity and/or exercise for health and longevity. As such the purpose of this debate article is to discuss the emerging higher effort paradigm in physical activity and exercise for public health and to make a case for why there should be a greater emphasis placed upon resistance training as a mode in this paradigm shift. Current guidelines do include recommendations to engage in ‘muscle strengthening activities’ though there has been very little emphasis upon these modes in either research or public health effort. A mode customarily performed to a relatively high intensity of effort that we believe has been overlooked is resistance training. running, cycling, rowing, swimming etc.). Though there is currently debate as to the effectiveness of public health prescription based around higher effort physical activity and exercise, most discussion around this has focused upon modes considered to be traditionally ‘aerobic’ (e.g. As such there has been increased interest in the use of higher effort physical activity and exercise as being potentially more efficacious. Current guidelines about the performance of moderate/vigorous physical activity using aerobic exercise modes focuses upon the accumulation of a minimum volume of physical activity and/or exercise, and have thus far produced disappointing outcomes. cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and muscle mass) also to morbidity and mortality risk. ![]() Why this may be the case is perhaps explained by the accumulating evidence linking physical fitness and performance outcomes (e.g. Further, it appears that risk reductions are greater when physical activity and/or exercise is performed at a higher intensity of effort. It is well known that physical activity and exercise is associated with a lower risk of a range of morbidities and all-cause mortality. ![]()
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